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Understand any company in 10 minutes.

Free, plain-English explainers of public companies: what they sell, how the money flows, how they are doing, who they compete with and what protects them.

ADBE

Adobe

Adobe sells software for making and editing images, video and documents, such as Photoshop, Acrobat and Firefly, plus marketing software for businesses. It sold $23.8bn in FY2025, the year to 28 November 2025. Subscriptions made up 96% of that revenue.

ALL

Allstate

Allstate is one of the largest publicly held US insurers for people and families. Through its Allstate Protection segment, it sells car, home, renters, boat and other insurance, plus commercial insurance. It took in $67.7bn of revenue in FY2025, and property-liability insurance made up 88% of that.

GOOGL

Alphabet

Alphabet is the parent company of Google, its biggest business. More than 70% of its 2025 revenue came from online ads. It sold $402.8bn in FY2025. Google Services brought in 85% of that, and Google Cloud 15%.

AMZN

Amazon

Amazon runs a giant online store, takes fees from other sellers who use it, and rents out computing power through Amazon Web Services (AWS). It sold $716.9bn in FY2025. Online stores were the biggest line at 38%. But AWS earned $45.6bn of Amazon's $80.0bn operating profit.

AMD

AMD

AMD designs computer chips for PCs, servers, AI, game consoles and machines. It sold $34.6bn in FY2025, and data centers made up 48% of that. AMD does not make its own chips: TSMC builds its most advanced ones.

AXP

American Express

American Express issues payment cards, signs up merchants to take them and runs its own card network, all as one business. It earns mainly from spending on its cards, then from interest and fees, and charges an annual fee on many cards. In FY2025 its revenue was $72.2bn, and it kept $10.8bn as profit.

ADI

Analog Devices

Analog Devices makes chips such as data converters, amplifiers, power chips and sensors, with more than 75,000 products in all. It sold $11.0bn in FY2025. Industrial customers made up 45% of that, and the car market another 30%.

AAPL

Apple

Apple designs iPhones, Macs, iPads and wearables, and sells paid services such as the App Store, Apple Music and cloud storage. It sold $416.2bn in FY2025, and iPhone alone made up 50% of that. Services added 26% of sales and kept 75.4% of their sales as gross profit.

AMAT

Applied Materials

Applied Materials sells the machines, services and software that chipmakers use to make chips; it does not make chips itself. It sold $28.4bn in FY2025. Chipmaking machines made up 73% of that, and services 23%.

ANET

Arista

Arista Networks makes network switches, routers and software that link computers in data centers, AI clusters and offices. It took in $9.0bn of revenue in FY2025, and products made up 84% of it. About 48% of its 2025 revenue came from customers it calls Cloud and AI Titans.

BAC

Bank of America

Bank of America runs the second-largest bank in the US, measured by the assets of its main bank at 30 June 2026. It holds savings, lends money, runs cards, manages wealth through Merrill and serves big companies and investors. In FY2025 its revenue, after paying interest to savers and lenders, was $113.1bn, and it kept $30.5bn as profit.

BRK.B

Berkshire Hathaway

Berkshire Hathaway is a holding company whose businesses include insurance, a freight railroad and energy utilities. Its businesses took in $371.4bn in FY2025. Insurance, including GEICO, was the biggest part, at 28% of revenue.

AVGO

Broadcom

Broadcom designs custom AI chips and networking chips for data centres, plus wireless chips for phones. It also sells VMware and other software to big companies. It sold $63.9bn in FY2025. Chips made up 58% of that and software 42%.

COF

Capital One

Capital One is a bank that issues credit cards, makes car loans, takes deposits and lends to businesses. It says it was the largest US credit card issuer by card loans at the end of 2025. It bought Discover on 18 May 2025, so FY2025 includes Discover only from then. In FY2025 its revenue, after paying interest to savers and lenders, was $53.4bn, and it kept $2.5bn as profit.

CB

Chubb

Chubb is an insurer with operations in 54 countries and territories, selling property and casualty, accident and health, life insurance and reinsurance. It took in $59.4bn of revenue in FY2025. Insurance for North American businesses was the biggest part, with premiums of $20.4bn, or 34% of revenue.

CSCO

Cisco

Cisco sells the switches, routers, wireless gear and servers that link computers together, plus security, collaboration and network-monitoring products and services. It took in $63.3bn in FY2026, and Networking made up 55% of that. Its customers range from businesses of all sizes, governments and schools to service providers and cloud companies.

C

Citigroup

Citigroup is a global bank that does business in nearly 160 countries and jurisdictions. It moves money for big companies, trades for investors and advises on deals. It also manages wealth and issues US credit cards. In FY2025 its revenue, after paying interest to savers, was $85.2bn, and it kept $14.3bn as profit.

CRWV

CoreWeave

CoreWeave rents out computing power built for AI, mainly clusters of NVIDIA graphics chips that customers use to train and run AI models. It took in $5.1bn of revenue in FY2025, up 167.9% on FY2024. Its top customer, Microsoft, made up about 67% of its 2025 revenue. It pays for its build-out mainly with borrowed money, and its net income was -$1.2bn in FY2025.

COST

Costco

Costco runs membership warehouses that sell a limited range of goods at low prices. It took in $303.2bn in FY2026. Membership fees were only 2% of that, and the rest came from what it sells.

DELL

Dell

Dell Technologies makes PCs, servers, storage and networking gear, and sells services and financing to go with them. It sold $113.5bn in FY2026, which ended on 30 January 2026. Servers, storage and networking made up 54% of that, now more than PCs.

LLY

Eli Lilly

Eli Lilly invents, makes and sells medicines, led by Mounjaro and Zepbound for diabetes and weight loss. It sold $65.2bn in FY2025, up 44.7% on the year before. Those two brands of one medicine made up 56% of 2025 revenue.

FISV

Fiserv

Fiserv sells payments and financial technology to merchants, banks, credit unions, other financial institutions, and corporate and public sector clients. Its revenue was $21.2bn in FY2025. Merchant Solutions, home of the Clover checkout system, brought in 48%. Financial Solutions, which serves banks and credit unions, brought in 46%. In August 2026, Fiserv lowered its 2026 outlook for organic revenue growth to a range of minus 1% to 0%.

GS

Goldman Sachs

Goldman Sachs is a New York bank that advises companies on deals, helps them raise money and trades for clients. It also invests money for institutions and individuals. In FY2025 its revenue was $58.3bn, and it kept $17.2bn as profit.

HPQ

HP

HP makes personal computers and printers, and sells the ink and toner cartridges those printers use. It sold $55.3bn in FY2025, and PCs made up 70% of that. Printing brings in less, but it earned more operating profit than PCs in fiscal 2025.

HPE

HPE

HPE sells servers, data storage, network gear and cloud services to businesses and governments. It sold $34.3bn in FY2025, and the Server business made up 51% of that. In July 2025 it bought Juniper Networks for about $13.4 billion in cash.

IBM

IBM

IBM sells business software, consulting services and computer hardware such as mainframes, and lends to clients buying mainly IBM products. It took in $67.5bn in FY2025, and Software made up 44% of that. Its clients include many of the world's largest companies and governments.

INTC

Intel

Intel designs computer chips and makes most of them in its own factories. It sold $52.9bn in FY2025, and PC chips made up 61% of that. Data Center and AI chips added 32%. Intel made a small loss that year, with net income of -$0.3bn.

JPM

JPMorgan Chase

JPMorgan Chase runs the largest US commercial bank, measured by the assets of that bank at 30 June 2026. It takes deposits, lends money, helps companies raise cash, trades for investors and manages wealth. In FY2025 its revenue, after paying interest to savers, was $182.4bn, and it kept $57.0bn as profit.

KLAC

KLA

KLA makes machines and software that find tiny flaws on silicon wafers while chips are being made. It sold $13.6bn in FY2026, the year to June 30, 2026. Wafer Inspection tools made up 49% of that.

LRCX

Lam Research

Lam Research sells the machines and services that chipmakers use to make chips. It sold $23.2bn in FY2026, and new machines made up 64% of that. The rest came from service, spare parts, upgrades and older-style machines.

MRVL

Marvell

Marvell designs chips for data infrastructure, the gear that moves and stores data, from data centres to the edge of networks. It sold $8.2bn in FY2026, the year that ended on 31 January 2026. Data centre chips made up 74% of that.

MA

Mastercard

Mastercard runs a payment network that links cardholders, stores and their banks, but it does not issue cards or lend money. It also sells extra services, such as fraud tools, data insights and bank-to-bank payments. Its revenue was $32.8bn in FY2025, and 41% of it came from those services.

META

Meta

Meta runs Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, Messenger and Threads, which people use for free, and makes nearly all its money by selling ads on them. It took in $201.0bn in FY2025, and its apps made up 99% of that. Its Reality Labs unit makes VR headsets and AI glasses, and it loses money.

MCHP

Microchip

Microchip designs and sells microcontrollers, tiny one-chip computers that run things like appliances, car parts and power tools. It also sells analog chips that manage power, timing and signals. It sold $4.7bn in FY2026, and mixed-signal microcontrollers made up 50% of that. Demand is picking up again as customers work down extra stock.

MU

Micron

Micron makes memory and storage chips, called DRAM and NAND, for data centers, PCs, phones and cars. It sold a record $133.2bn in FY2026, as memory prices rose far faster than the amount of memory shipped. DRAM made up 76% of those sales.

MSFT

Microsoft

Microsoft sells work software, cloud services, Windows, devices and games. It sold $331.8bn in FY2026, the year to 30 June 2026. Its Intelligent Cloud arm, led by Azure, brought in $137.8bn, or 42% of sales. That put it just behind its Office and LinkedIn arm, at $140.0bn.

MS

Morgan Stanley

Morgan Stanley helps companies raise money, trades for big investors and looks after the savings of individual investors, including wealthy families. In FY2025 its revenue was $70.6bn, and it kept $16.9bn as profit.

NTAP

NetApp

NetApp sells data storage systems and the ONTAP software that runs them, both in customers' own data centers and inside the big public clouds. It took in $6.9bn of revenue in FY2026, the year to 24 April 2026. Storage systems and software made up 46% of that, and support 38%.

NFLX

Netflix

Netflix runs a paid streaming service, and its revenue comes mainly from monthly membership fees. Members get its own shows plus licensed films and series, games and live events. It took in $45.2bn in FY2025, and streaming made up 100% of that once rounded.

NVDA

NVIDIA

NVIDIA designs the chips, networking gear and software that data centers use to build and run AI. It also makes GeForce graphics chips for gamers. It sold $215.9bn in fiscal 2026, the year to January 2026. Data Center made up 90% of that.

NXPI

NXP

NXP is a Dutch company that designs and makes chips for cars, factories, phones and secure cards. It had revenue of $12.3bn in FY2025. Cars brought in 58% of that 2025 revenue.

ORCL

Oracle

Oracle sells database and business software, and rents out cloud computing, including GPU servers for AI. It sold $67.4bn in FY2026, the year to 31 May 2026. Cloud made up 51% of that revenue, up from 37% two years earlier.

PLTR

Palantir

Palantir sells software that helps governments and companies pull their data together and act on it, including with AI. It took in $4.5bn in FY2025. Government customers gave 54% of that, and businesses gave the rest.

PYPL

PayPal

PayPal describes itself as a two-sided network linking consumers and merchants, with 439 million active accounts at the end of 2025. It earns mainly fees for completing payments. Its revenue was $33.2bn in FY2025, and transaction fees made up 90% of it.

PGR

Progressive

Progressive is a US insurer that sells car, home and small-business insurance. It took in $87.7bn of revenue in FY2025. Insurance premiums made up 93% of that revenue.

QCOM

Qualcomm

Qualcomm designs Snapdragon chips for phones, cars and other connected devices, and it licenses its mobile patents to device makers. It sold $44.3bn in FY2025. Chips made up 87% of that, and licensing 13%.

CRM

Salesforce

Salesforce sells software by subscription that helps businesses sell, serve and market to their customers, now with AI agents. It sold $41.5bn in FY2026, the year to 31 January 2026. Service was its biggest line, at 24% of sales.

SNDK

Sandisk

Sandisk makes flash storage: solid-state drives (SSDs), flash built into devices, memory cards and USB drives. It sold $20.2bn in FY2026, up 175.3% on the year before. Edge storage for PCs, phones and cars made up 60% of that.

STX

Seagate

Seagate designs and makes hard disk drives and storage systems, mostly for data centers. Data-center products made up 80% of its revenue in fiscal 2026. It sold $12.2bn in FY2026, and device makers (OEMs) bought 81% of that.

NOW

ServiceNow

ServiceNow sells cloud software that big organisations use to run their work, from IT and HR to customer service and finance, on one AI platform. It sold $13.3bn in FY2025, and subscriptions made up 97% of that. Its renewal rate, measured by contract value, was 98% in 2025.

SMCI

Supermicro

Supermicro designs and builds servers and storage systems, including AI servers cooled by air or liquid, plus parts such as server boards and power supplies. It sold $39.1bn in FY2026, up 77.8% on the year before. Products shipped to the United States made up 71% of those sales.

TSLA

Tesla

Tesla sells electric cars and builds batteries for homes, businesses and power companies. It sold $94.8bn in FY2025, and car sales alone made up 69% of that. Energy storage and solar added 13%. Tesla says it is focused on bringing AI into the real world through driver-assist software, its Robotaxi service and robots such as Optimus.

TXN

Texas Instruments

Texas Instruments makes chips that sense the real world, manage power and control machines, for almost every type of electronic equipment. It sold $17.7bn in FY2025, and analog chips made up 79% of that. It makes most of its chips in its own factories.

TRV

Travelers

Travelers is a holding company whose companies sell property and casualty insurance to businesses, government units, associations and individuals. It took in $48.8bn of revenue in FY2025. Business insurance was the biggest part, at 46% of revenue.

VRT

Vertiv

Vertiv sells power and cooling equipment, racks and software, mainly to data centers, communication networks and industrial sites, and it services that equipment. It sold $10.2bn in FY2025, and products made up 82% of that. Its order backlog was $15.0 billion at the end of 2025, up from $7.2 billion a year earlier.

V

Visa

Visa runs a payment network that links the bank that issued a shopper's card to the seller's bank or processor, and it charges them fees. It does not issue cards or lend money. Visa's net revenue was $40.0bn in FY2025, and it kept 50.1% of that as net income.

WMT

Walmart

Walmart runs discount stores, Sam's Club warehouse clubs and shopping websites and apps that sell groceries and everyday goods at low prices. In FY2026 it took in $713.2bn. Walmart's fiscal year ends on 31 January. Walmart U.S. made up 68% of that.

WFC

Wells Fargo

Wells Fargo is a big US bank: at the end of 2025 it was the fourth largest US bank holding company by assets. It takes deposits and lends to people and companies, and it also offers investment banking and wealth services. In FY2025 its revenue, after paying interest to savers, was $83.7bn, and it kept $21.3bn as profit.

WDC

Western Digital

Western Digital makes and sells hard disk drives, mostly high-capacity drives for cloud data centers. It sold $12.9bn in FY2026, and Cloud made up 89% of that. It split off its flash memory business as a separate company, Sandisk, in February 2025.